How Do You Drive Safely in Snow and Ice in Ontario?

According to the Ontario Driver's Handbook, you should reduce your speed by at least 50% in heavy snow or icy conditions. Posted speed limits are set for ideal, dry conditions. In winter weather, even driving at the posted limit can be unsafe. If visibility is severely reduced or the road is covered in ice, slow down further. There is no minimum speed requirement on Ontario roads; driving too fast for conditions can result in a careless driving charge under the Highway Traffic Act.

In normal conditions, a following distance of 3 to 4 seconds is recommended. In snow and ice, increase this to 6 to 8 seconds. Stopping distances on ice can be up to ten times longer than on dry pavement. To measure your following distance, pick a fixed point (a sign or pole) and count the seconds between the vehicle ahead passing it and your vehicle reaching the same point. If you cannot count to at least six, you are too close.

Skids are common on icy roads. The correct recovery technique depends on the type of skid:

Under Ontario's Highway Traffic Act, you must clear all snow and ice from your vehicle before driving. This includes the windshield, all windows, mirrors, headlights, taillights, and the roof. Snow flying off your roof can blind drivers behind you or cause accidents. Failure to clear your vehicle can result in a fine for driving with an obstructed view. Budget extra time in winter mornings to properly clear your car.

Black ice is a thin, transparent layer of ice on the road surface that is nearly invisible. According to the Ontario Ministry of Transportation, black ice forms most commonly on bridges and overpasses (which freeze first because cold air circulates above and below), in shaded areas that do not receive sunlight, at intersections where exhaust and tire spray create wet patches, and on roads near lakes or rivers. Use low beams in snowfall and fog, as high beams reflect off the precipitation and reduce your visibility. Winter tires are strongly recommended in Ontario for any driving between October and April.